Anthu amvetsetsa chidziwitso chofunikira kuti zida za semiconductor zimatha kupanga kuwala zaka 50 zapitazo.Mu 1962, Nick Holonyak Jr. wa General Electric Company adapanga njira yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito ma diode owoneka bwino otulutsa kuwala.
LED ndi chidule cha English kuwala emitting diode, dongosolo lake zofunika ndi chidutswa cha electroluminescent semiconductor chuma, anaika pa alumali leaded, ndiyeno losindikizidwa ndi epoxy utomoni mozungulira, ndiye encapsulation olimba, kotero izo zikhoza kuteteza mkati pachimake waya, kotero LED ili ndi ntchito yabwino ya seismic.
Deta yaikulu ya AIOT imakhulupirira kuti poyamba ma LED ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magwero a kuwala kwa zida ndi mamita, ndipo pambuyo pake ma LED amitundu yosiyanasiyana yowala ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi owonetsera magalimoto ndi zowonetsera zazikulu, zomwe zinabweretsa zabwino zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu.Tengani 12-inch red traffic light mwachitsanzo.Ku United States, nyali ya nthawi yayitali, yosagwira ntchito kwambiri ya 140-watt incandescent inkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la kuwala, komwe kumatulutsa kuwala koyera 2000.Pambuyo podutsa fyuluta yofiira, kuwala kwa kuwala kumakhala 90%, ndikusiya 200 lumens ya kuwala kofiira.Mu nyali yopangidwa kumene, kampaniyo imagwiritsa ntchito magwero a 18 ofiira a LED, kuphatikizapo kutayika kwa dera, chiwerengero cha 14 watts chogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, chikhoza kupanga kuwala komweko.Magetsi amagetsi amagalimoto ndiwonso gawo lofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito magetsi a LED.
Mfundo ya LED
LED (Light Emitting Diode), ndi chipangizo cholimba cha semiconductor chomwe chimatha kusintha magetsi kukhala kuwala.Mtima wa LED ndi chipangizo cha semiconductor, mapeto amodzi a chip amamangiriridwa ku chithandizo, mapeto amodzi ndi pulasitiki yoipa, ndipo mapeto ena amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mtengo wabwino wa magetsi, kotero kuti chip chonsecho chimatsekedwa. ndi epoxy resin.Chophika chophatikizira cha semiconductor chimapangidwa ndi magawo awiri, gawo limodzi ndi semiconductor yamtundu wa P, momwe mabowo amalamulira, ndipo kumapeto kwake ndi semiconductor yamtundu wa N, yomwe makamaka ndi ma elekitironi.
Koma pamene ma semiconductors awiriwa alumikizidwa, "PN junction" imapangidwa pakati pawo.Zomwe zikuchitika pa chipangizochi kudzera mu waya, ma elekitironi adzakankhidwira kudera la P, komwe ma electron ndi mabowo amalumikizananso, kenako amatulutsa mphamvu ngati ma photons.Iyi ndiye mfundo yotulutsa kuwala kwa LED.Kutalika kwa kuwala ndi mtundu wa kuwala, womwe umatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimapanga "PN junction".
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-27-2021